ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH

                                            

  Quality Of Life And Environmental Health

A healthier environment could prevent about a quarter of the world’s illness burden. Clean air, a stable climate, sufficient water, sanitation and hygiene, chemical safety, radiation protection, healthy and safe workplaces, sound agricultural practices, health-supportive cities and built environments, and a maintained natural environment are all necessary for good health.

Modifiable environmental dangers caused 13.7 million fatalities per year in 2016, accounting for 24% of all deaths worldwide. This means that about one-quarter of all deaths worldwide are caused by environmental factors.  

                        .

DIFFERENT HEALTH CONCEPTS

Quality of life (QoL) is a broad multidimensional concept that is significant as a desired health outcome. It represents the expectation and concern for one’s own health and life, including both positive and negative aspects of QoL in the context of the culture and value systems. It is a widely used health-related QoL tool that is aimed at detecting a subjective expression of health status with eight health concepts in the two main dimensions of physical and mental health. 

                                   

However, these dimensions focus on a disease’s effect on specific functional aspects but do not address the QoL that is embedded in a cultural, social and environmental context. 

The World Health Organization (WHO) thus initiated the development of the World Health Organization Quality of Life to consider people’s overall well-being. The WHO Quality of Life Brief Scale resulted in the identification of a four-domain structure:                                                         

physical health,         

psychological health,                                       

social relationships and 

the environment in general. 

These four constructs were found to have moderate correlations but had adequate discriminant validity, reflecting the different measures they each represent.

                                        

The dimensions of QoL for health traditionally include physical, psychological and social aspects, but in recent years, the environment has been identified as another important dimension of life.
 It provides access to nature and scenic beauty in urban areas, which may influence physical health, psychological health and environmental health. The distance to green space has been emphasised as an important factor that affects. 
                                                 
PHYSICAL HEALTH

Public spaces in neighbourhoods with man-made recreational resources, such as walking trails, cycling areas and swimming pools, are advantageous to physical activity and contribute to overall feelings about the community.


PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH                                                                                          

Our earlier study, however, found that satisfaction with the neighbourhood   environment was only significantly related to psychological QoL.

MENTAL AND SOCIAL HEALTH

Explaination of the relationship between the environment and QoL, including socioeconomic status and individual health behaviours, Green spaces appear to have a stronger effect on health.A greater expanse of forest in rural and urban green spaces was associated with fewer mental health issues.





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